1. Lý thuyết dạng bài word form trong tiếng Anh
Trong tiếng Anh, “word form” là một khái niệm liên quan đến việc biến đổi từ nguyên thể (base form) của một từ thành các dạng khác nhau như danh từ, động từ, tính từ, trạng từ, số ít, số nhiều, thì hiện tại, thì quá khứ, v.v. Điều này giúp chúng ta diễn đạt ý nghĩa và ý kiến trong ngôn ngữ một cách phong phú và chính xác hơn.
Dưới đây là một số ví dụ về các dạng word form phổ biến trong tiếng Anh, bắt đầu từ từ nguyên thể (base form) của một động từ “study”:
Động từ (Verb):
- Base form: study
- Thì hiện tại đơn (Present Simple): I study English every day.
- Thì hiện tại tiếp diễn (Present Continuous): She is studying for her exam now.
- Thì quá khứ đơn (Past Simple): He studied abroad last year.
- Thì quá khứ tiếp diễn (Past Continuous): They were studying when the power went out.
Danh từ (Noun):
- Base form: study
- Số ít: The study of history is fascinating.
- Số nhiều: The studies of different researchers confirm this.
Tính từ (Adjective):
- Base form: careful
- So sánh hơn (Comparative): She is more careful than her sister.
- So sánh nhất (Superlative): He is the most careful person I know.
Trạng từ (Adverb):
- Base form: carefully
- Trạng từ của tính từ (Adverb of manner): He drives carefully.
Lưu ý rằng có một số quy tắc và biến đổi đặc biệt cho việc thay đổi word form trong tiếng Anh. Đôi khi, từ gốc sẽ thay đổi một chút khi biến đổi thành các dạng khác nhau. Việc nắm vững word form sẽ giúp bạn nói và viết tiếng Anh một cách tự nhiên và lưu loát hơn.
Dưới đây là một bảng word form của những từ tiếng Anh thường gặp.
| Từ nguyên thể (Base Form) | Danh từ (Noun) | Động từ (Verb) | Tính từ (Adjective) | Trạng từ (Adverb) | Số ít | Số nhiều | Thì hiện tại đơn | Thì quá khứ đơn | Dạng hiện tại phân từ |
| act | act | act | active | actively | acts | act | acts | acted | acting |
| ask | question | ask | asking | askew | asks | ask | asks | asked | asking |
| believe | belief | believe | believable | believably | believes | believe | believes | believed | believing |
| bring | bring | bring | bringing | briskly | brings | bring | brings | brought | bringing |
| buy | purchase | buy | buyable | buyably | buys | buy | buys | bought | buying |
| call | call | call | callable | callably | calls | call | calls | called | calling |
| change | change | change | changeable | changeably | changes | change | changes | changed | changing |
| come | arrival | come | coming | comfortably | comes | come | comes | came | coming |
| decide | decision | decide | decisive | decidedly | decides | decide | decides | decided | deciding |
| do | deed | do | doable | doably | does | do | does | did | doing |
| eat | meal | eat | edible | edibly | eats | eat | eats | ate | eating |
| enjoy | enjoyment | enjoy | enjoyable | enjoyably | enjoys | enjoy | enjoys | enjoyed | enjoying |
| fall | fall | fall | fallen | falteringly | falls | fall | falls | fell | falling |
| feel | feeling | feel | feeling | feelingly | feels | feel | feels | felt | feeling |
| find | discovery | find | findable | findably | finds | find | finds | found | finding |
| get | acquisition | get | gettable | getably | gets | get | gets | got | getting |
| give | gift | give | givable | givably | gives | give | gives | gave | giving |
| go | journey | go | gone | gladly | goes | go | goes | went | going |
| have | possession | have | havable | havably | has | have | has | had | having |
| help | help | help | helpful | helpfully | helps | help | helps | helped | helping |
| know | knowledge | know | knowledgeable | knowingly | knows | know | knows | knew | knowing |
| learn | knowledge | learn | learnable | learnably | learns | learn | learns | learned | learning |
| like | liking | like | likable | likably | likes | like | likes | liked | liking |
| live | life | live | alive | livably | lives | live | lives | lived | living |
| look | look | look | lookable | lookably | looks | look | looks | looked | looking |
| make | make | make | makeable | makeably | makes | make | makes | made | making |
| mean | meaning | mean | meaningful | meaningfully | means | mean | means | meant | meaning |
| need | need | need | needy | needily | needs | need | needs | needed | needing |
| put | placement | put | puttable | putably | puts | put | puts | put | putting |
| run | run | run | runnable | runably | runs | run | runs | ran | running |
| say | saying | say | sayable | sayably | says | say | says | said | saying |
| see | sight | see | seeable | seeably | sees | see | sees | saw | seeing |
| seem | appearance | seem | seemly | seemingly | seems | seem | seems | seemed | seeming |
| show | show | show | showable | showably | shows | show | shows | showed | showing |
| stand | stance | stand | standable | standably | stands | stand | stands | stood | standing |
| take | taking | take | takeable | takeably | takes | take | takes | took | taking |
| talk | talk | talk | talkative | talkatively | talks | talk | talks | talked | talking |
| tell | telling | tell | tellable | tellably | tells | tell | tells | told | telling |
| think | thought | think | thinkable | thinkably | thinks | think | thinks | thought | thinking |
| try | attempt | try | tryable | tryably | tries | try | tries | tried | trying |
| use | usage | use | usable | useably | uses | use | uses | used | using |
| want | desire | want | wanted | wantingly | wants | want | wants | wanted | wanting |
| work | work | work | workable | workably | works | work | works | worked | working |
| write | writing | write | writable | writeably | writes | write | writes | wrote | writing |
2. Bài tập về Word form có đáp án chi tiết
Bài tập 1: Hoàn thành câu với dạng đúng của từ trong ngoặc.
- She is a __________ (success) businesswoman. Đáp án: successful
- The weather is __________ (wonder). Đáp án: wonderful
- Can you __________ (kind) give me a hand? Đáp án: kindly
- The __________ (paint) on the walls looks fresh. Đáp án: painting
- He is always __________ (help) others. Đáp án: helping
Bài tập 2: Điền từ đúng vào chỗ trống để hoàn thành câu.
- The children are playing __________ in the garden. (happy) Đáp án: happily
- Sarah speaks English __________. (fluent) Đáp án: fluently
- The __________ of the movie was unexpected. (end) Đáp án: ending
- I __________ the book you recommended. It was great! (read) Đáp án: read
- The teacher explained the lesson __________. (clear) Đáp án: clearly
Bài tập 3: Sử dụng dạng đúng của từ trong ngoặc để hoàn thành đoạn văn sau.
Would you like to join our __________ (volunteer) program? We are looking for __________ (enthusiasm) individuals who are passionate about making a difference in the community. As a __________ (volunteer), you will have the opportunity to work on various __________ (interest) projects and contribute to the well-being of others. Your __________ (dedicate) and hard work will be greatly appreciated. If you are interested, please fill out the __________ (apply) form and submit it by the end of the week. Thank you for your __________ (commit) to making the world a better place.
Đáp án:
- volunteer
- enthusiastic
- volunteer
- interesting
- dedication
- application
- commitment
Bài tập 4: Điền từ thích hợp vào chỗ trống để hoàn thành đoạn văn sau.
The young artist was __________ (talent) and had a natural __________ (create) ability. Her __________ (paint) were a true reflection of her emotions, and she could easily __________ (express) herself through her art. Many people were __________ (amaze) by her talent and praised her __________ (unique) style. She was always __________ (eager) to learn and improve her skills, attending various workshops and art __________ (compete) to showcase her work. Her __________ (determine) and passion for art led her to achieve great success in her career.
Đáp án:
- talented
- creative
- paintings
- express
- amazed
- unique
- eager
- competitions
- determination
Bài tập 5: Sắp xếp các từ sau thành câu hoàn chỉnh với dạng đúng của từ.
- (careful / drive) – She drives carefully.
- (quick / run) – He runs quickly.
- (happy / sing) – They sing happily.
- (loud / speak) – Please speak loudly.
- (beautiful / sing) – She sings beautifully.
Bài tập 6: Hoàn thành các câu sau bằng cách chọn dạng đúng của từ trong ngoặc.
- The weather is so __________ today. (wonder) Đáp án: wonderful
- She dances __________. (graceful) Đáp án: gracefully
- The __________ of the movie was unexpected. (end) Đáp án: ending
- He __________ takes his dog for a walk. (usual) Đáp án: usually
- The baby’s laughter is so __________. (joy) Đáp án: joyful
Bài tập 7: Sắp xếp các từ sau thành câu hoàn chỉnh với dạng đúng của từ.
- (play / joyful / children) – Joyful children play.
- (speak / fluent / she) – She speaks fluently.
- (study / diligent / he) – He studies diligently.
- (quick / run / they) – They run quickly.
- (cook / delicious / she) – She cooks deliciously.
Bài tập 8: Sử dụng từ cho trước để hoàn thành các câu sau đây. Thêm giới từ nếu cần thiết.
- They are interested __________ learning new languages. (interested) Đáp án: in
- The cat jumped __________ the table. (jump) Đáp án: onto
- She is responsible __________ organizing the event. (responsible) Đáp án: for
- The movie was different __________ what I expected. (different) Đáp án: from
- He apologized __________ being late. (apologize) Đáp án: for
Bài tập 9: Chọn từ thích hợp để hoàn thành các câu sau.
- He is __________ interested in art. (extreme, extremely) Đáp án: extremely
- The children were __________ excited about the upcoming trip. (real, really) Đáp án: really
- She painted the picture __________. (careful, carefully) Đáp án: carefully
- The weather is __________ hot today. (extreme, extremely) Đáp án: extremely
- They were __________ waiting for the results. (patient, patiently) Đáp án: patiently
Bài tập 10: Hoàn thành đoạn văn sau bằng cách điền từ thích hợp từ danh từ, động từ, tính từ hoặc trạng từ.
Lily is a very __________ (talent) singer. She __________ (frequent) participates in various singing __________ (compete) and has won many __________ (prize) for her performances. Her voice is __________ (amaze) and she can __________ (effort) hit high notes with ease. Lily practices __________ (dedicate) every day to improve her singing skills and is always __________ (anxious) to learn new techniques. She __________ (graceful) moves on stage, captivating the audience with her __________ (beauty) performances. Everyone who hears her sing is __________ (impress) by her talent and passion for music.
Đáp án:
- talented
- frequently
- competitions
- prizes
- amazing
- effortlessly
- dedicated
- anxious
- gracefully
- beautiful
- impressed
Bài tập 11: Viết lại các câu sau sao cho nghĩa không đổi, sử dụng từ cho trước và bổ sung từ nếu cần thiết.
- The teacher explained the lesson. (clear) Đáp án: The teacher explained the lesson clearly.
- They performed the play. (wonderful) Đáp án: They performed the play wonderfully.
- She speaks English. (fluent) Đáp án: She speaks English fluently.
- He is always on time. (punctual) Đáp án: He is always punctual.
- The children were very excited. (extremely) Đáp án: The children were extremely excited.
Hy vọng rằng các bài tập trên sẽ giúp bạn cải thiện và nâng cao kỹ năng sử dụng word form trong tiếng Anh. Hãy tiếp tục luyện tập và trau dồi kiến thức ngôn ngữ để trở nên thành thạo hơn.
